like red furniture polish) usually cause severechemical pneumonia as well as other toxic effects inthe body. Symptoms include abdominal pain, choking,gasping, vomiting, and fever. Often these productsmay be identified by their characteristic odor. Mineraloil and motor oil are not as serious since they usuallydo nothing more than cause diarrhea.When providing treatment for the ingestion ofp e t r o l e u m d i s t i l l a t e s ,D O N O T I N D U C EVOMITING unless told to do so by a physician orpoison control center. Vomiting may cause additionalpoison to enter the lungs. However, the quantity ofpoison swallowed or special petroleum additives maymake gastric lavage or the use of cathartics advisable.If a physician or poison control center cannot bereached, give the victim 30 to 60 ml of vegetable oil.Transport the victim immediately to a medicaltreatment facility.Food PoisoningFood poisoning can occur from ingesting animalor plant materials, or even from the chemicals that areused in raising, processing, or preserving crops andlivestock. Although illness associated with acontaminated water supply could be considered a typeof food poisoning, this issue will not be addressed.Most bacterial and viral food poisonings appearwithin 8 hours of ingesting food. The signs andsymptoms of poisoning include nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, muscle aches, and low-grade fever. Thegeneral treatment is supportive and directed atpreventing dehydration through the administration offluids. If diarrhea persists more than 24 hours, or if thepatient is unable to keep fluids down, further definitivemedical care is necessary. Food poisoning can alsooccur from ingestion of parasites.Marine food-borne illnesses from ingesting fishand shellfish is a concern especially when traveling tonew destinations. Wherever you are in the world, youshould learn which local seafood is known to be safeand which present the potential for harm. Table 5-4lists some of toxins found in fish and shellfish and theirpotential sources.Mussels, clams, oysters, and other shellfish oftenbecome contaminated with bacteria during the warmmonths of March through November (in the northernhemisphere). Numerous varieties of shellfish shouldnot be eaten at all. Therefore, wherever you are in theworld, you should learn which local seafoods areknown to be safe and which present the potential forharm.5-6Agent Sources of ContactHydrochloricE l e c t r o p l a t i n g , m e t a lcleaners, photoengravingNitric Industrial cleaners,laboratories,photoengraving, rocketfuelsACIDSOxalic Cleaning solutions, paintand rust removers, photodeveloperSulfuric Auto batteries, detergents,dyes, laboratories, metalcleanersALKALIESAmmonia Galvanizers, householdcleaners, laboratories,pesticides, rocket fuelsLime Brick masonry, cement,electroplating, insecticides,soap, water treatmentLye Bleaches, degreasers,detergents, laboratories,paint and varnish removersCarbolic Disinfectants, dry batteries,paint removers, photomaterials, woodpreservativesCreosol Disinfectants, ink, paintand varnish removers,photo developer, stainersPHENOLSCreosote Asbestos, carpentry, dieselengines, electrical shops,furnaces, lens grinders,painters, waterproofing,wood preservativesTable 5-3.—Examples of Common Acids, Alkalies, andPhenols, with Possible Sources of Contact
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