finger. Take a deep breath and seat your lips around thepatient’s mouth (creating an airtight seal), and give twoslow ventilations (1 ½ to 2 seconds per breath). Seefigure 4-11. Allow enough time for the lungs to deflatebetween ventilations. If the patient still does notrespond, continue mouth-to-mouth ventilations at therate of 10 to 12 ventilations per minute or one breathevery 5 seconds. Periodically, check the pupils forreaction to light; constriction is a sign of adequateoxygenation.NOTE: When performing artificial ventilationand the lungs cannot be inflated adequately,repeat head tilt-chin lift or jaw-thrustmaneuver, and again attempt ventilation. If thelungs still do not inflate adequately, assume theairway is obstructed by a foreign object.M O U T H - T O - N O S E . — M o u t h - t o - n o s eventilation is effective when the patient’s mouthcannot be opened (lockjaw), extensive facial or dentalinjuries occur, or an airtight seal of the mouth cannot beachieved. Figure 4-12 shows an example of thisprocedure.To administer this technique, tilt the head backwith one hand on the patient’s forehead and use theother hand to lift the jaw (as in the head tilt-chin liftmaneuver). Close the victim’s mouth. Take a deepbreath, seal your lips around the patient’s nose, andgive two ventilations. Allow the victim’s lungs todeflate passively after each ventilation. If the victimdoes not respond, then you must fully inflate the lungsat the rate of 10 to 12 ventilations per minute or onebreath every 5 seconds until the victim can breathespontaneously.MOUTH-TO-STOMA.—A casualty who hashad surgery to remove part of the windpipe will breathethrough an opening in the front of the neck called astoma. Cover the casualty's mouth with your hand,take a deep breath, and seal your mouth over the stoma.B r e a t h e s l o w l y, u s i n g t h e p r o c e d u r e s f o rmouth-to-mouth breathing. Do not tilt the head back.(In some situations, a person may breathe through thestoma as well as his nose and mouth. If the casualty’schest does not rise, cover his mouth and nose, andcontinue breathing through the stoma.)MOUTH-TO-MASK.—The mouth-to-maskbreathing device includes a transparent mask with aone-way valve mouth piece. The one-way valvedirects the rescuer’s breath into the patient’s airwaywhile diverting the patients’s exhaled air away fromthe rescuer. Some devices have an oxygen adaptor thatpermits the administration of supplemental oxygen.4-17Figure 4-10.—A patient in the recovery position.Figure 4-11.—Mouth-to-mouth ventilation.Figure 4-12.—Mouth-to-nose ventilation.
Integrated Publishing, Inc. - A (SDVOSB) Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business